Risk and reward of the global truffle sector under predicted climate change

Abstract Climate change has been described as the main threat for cultivation and growth of truffles, but hydroclimate variability model uncertainty challenge regional projections adaptation strategies emerging sector. Here, we conduct a literature review to define Périgord truffle growing regions around world use 20 global climate models assess impact future trends extremes in temperature, precipitation soil moisture on production rates price levels all Americas, Europe, South Africa, Australasia. simulations project 2.3 million km 2 suitable land will experience 50% faster aridification than rests surface, with significantly more heat waves between 2070 2099 CE. Overall, decrease by ?15%, while associated increase ?36%. At same time, predicted summer less intense warming over Australasia likely alleviate water scarcity support higher yields affordable truffles. Our findings are relevant farmers businesses adapt their irrigation systems management change.